Configure linux printer server step by step guide example and implementation:
Linux uses the Common UNIX Printing System, also known as CUPS. CUPS uses the Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) to allow local printing and print sharing. The /etc/cups/
directory stores all the configuration files for printing. However,
these files can be easily managed with the Printer Configuration Tool in
Linux.
Exam question
Raw (Model) printer named printer1 is
installed and shared on 192.168.0.254. You should install the shared
printer on your PC to connect shared printer using IPP Protocols.
Exam question
Raw printer named printerx where x is
your station number is installed and shared on server1.example.com.
Install the shared printer on your PC to connect shared printer using
IPP Protocols. Your server is 192.168.0.254.
Before you can use any printer, you first have to install it on a
Linux system on your network.
To start the Printer Configuration Tool,
go to the System menu on the top panel and select Administration, Printing or execute the command:
#system-config-printer.
If no printers are available for the system, only the Server Settings view is available for selection. If local printers are configured, a Local Printers menu will available.
Install new printer:
click New Printer on the toolbar.
In the dialog window that appears, accept the default queue name or change it to a short, descriptive name that begins with a letter and does not contain spaces. Then select printer from list and click on forward and click on finsh.
spool directories
When your system prints a file, it makes use of special directories called spool directories.
The location of the spool directory is obtained from the printer's
entry in its configuration file. On Linux, the spool directory is
located at /var/spool/cups under a directory with the name of the printer.
print job
A print job is a file to be printed.
When you send a file to a printer, a copy of it is made and placed in a
spool directory set up for that printer.
classes
CUPS features a way to let you select a
group of printers to print a job instead of selecting just one. That
way, if one printer is busy or down, another printer can be
automatically selected to perform the job. Such groupings of printers
are called classes. Once you have installed your printers, you can group them into different classes.
Once you have successfully installed local printer it will show in right pane. and in left pane you can see all administrative options.
- To view shared printer on other system Tick mark on first option
- To share locally attached printer tick mark on second option
- To allow remote administration of this printer check mark on third option
Tick mark on appropriate option and click on apply
configure window clients:
Go on window system and ping from printer server and open internet explorer and give the ip address of server with printer port 631
This will launch CUPS web application click on manage printer
now you will see the shared printer on server click on print test page
A test page will be send on printer server copy this url of printer
click on start button select printer and fax and click on add new printer. this will launch add new printer wizard click next on welcome screen and select network printer
On this screen select internet printer and paste the url which you copied from internet explorer
Install appropriate driver from list or use have disk option you have drive cd and click next. On next screen set this printer defaults and click on next and finish.
Remote administration of print server:
Go on linux system and ping from server and click on printing from administration menu
Now click on go to server
Now give print server ip address
It will take few minute to connect from server depending on network speed
Now give root password to connect printer server
you can see all print administrative Manu in right pane Once you have connected with sever
configure Linux clients:
Go on linux system and ping from server and click on printing from administration menu
Now click on new printer
Click on forward In the next New Printer screen, select the type of connection to internet printing protocols and in hostname give server ip and printer name in printername
select the appropriate model. If multiple drivers are available, select
the one most appropriate for your configuration. If you do not want to
choose the default and click forward and finish. The main Printer Configuration window should now include the name of your printer.
To print test page click on print test page and a test page will send to print server
Managing Printers from the Command-Line:
The lpadmin command enables you to perform most printer administration tasks from the command-line.
lpc To view all known queues
lpr To send print requests to any local print queue
lpq To see the print queue
lprm To delete the jobs of your choice use it with the job number
lp To print any file.
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CUPS printer sharing:
1.Manual setup
simply open up /etc/cups/cupsd.conf and allow access to the server by modifying the location lines.
#vim /etc/cups/cupsd.conf
<Location />
Order allow,deny
Allow localhost
Allow 192.168.0.*
</Location>
Also make sure the server is listening on the IP address the client will
be addressing. Add the following line after "# Listen
<serverip>:631" (using the server's IP address instead of client's
192.168.0.100):
Listen 192.168.0.101:631
To "Show shared printers on the local network", add the line "BrowseAllow all":
Browsing On
BrowseOrder allow,deny
BrowseAllow @LOCAL
BrowseAllow all
After making modifications, restart CUPS by:
# /etc/rc.d/cupsd restart
On the client system, open up (create if not present)
/etc/cups/client.conf and add the ServerName to match the IP address or the name of the server. Add this line:
ServerName 192.168.0.101
To "Show shared printers on the local network", add the line
"BrowseAllow all":
Browsing On
BrowseOrder allow,
deny
BrowseAllow @LOCAL
BrowseAllow all
There are more configuration possibilities, including automatic methods, which are described in detail in
http://localhost:631/help/network.html
After making modifications, restart CUPS.
Note: When
adding the printer from the client, if using the Internet Printing
Protocol (IPP), put the URI as
ipp://192.168.0.101:631/printers/<name-of-printer>
Case1: Linux server - Windows client:
1.Sharing via IPP:
The preferred way to connect a Windows client to a Linux print server is using IPP. It's a standard printer protocol based on HTTP, allowing you all ways to profit from port forwarding,
On the Windows computer, go to the printer control panel and choose to
'Add a New Printer'. Next, choose to give a URL. For the URL, type in
the location of the printer: http://host_ip_address:631/printers/printer_name (where host_ip_address is the GNU/Linux server's IP address and printer_name is the name of the printer being connected to).
After this, install the native printer drivers for your printer on the
Windows computer. If the CUPS server is set up to use its own printer
drivers, then you can just select a generic postscript printer for the
Windows client(e.g. 'HP Color LaserJet 8500 PS' or 'Xerox DocuTech 135
PS2'). Then test the print setup by printing a test page.
2.Sharing via Samba:
This makes this way more difficult to configure and thus sometimes also more error-prone, mostly due do authentication problems.
To configure Samba on the Linux server, edit
/etc/samba/smb.conf file to allow access to printers. File
smb.conf can look something like this:
#vim /etc/samba/smb.conf
[global]
workgroup=Heroes
server string=Arch Linux Print Server
security=user
[printers]
comment=All Printers
path=/var/spool/samba
browseable=yes
# to allow user 'guest account' to print.
guest ok=no
writable=no
printable=yes
create mode=0700
write list=@adm root yourusername
That should be enough to share the printer, yet adding an individual printer entry may be desirable:
/etc/samba/smb.conf
[ML1250]
comment=Samsung ML-1250 Laser Printer
printer=ml1250
path=/var/spool/samba
printing=cups
printable=yes
printer admin=@admin root yourusername
user client driver=yes
# to allow user 'guest account' to print.
guest ok=no
writable=no
write list=@adm root yourusername
valid users=@adm root yourusername
Please note that this assumes configuration was made so that users
must have a valid account to access the printer. To have a public
printer, set
guest ok to
yes, and remove the
valid users line. To add accounts, set up a regular GNU/Linux account and then set up a Samba password on the server. For instance:
# useradd yourusername
# smbpasswd -a yourusername
After this, restart Samba daemon:
# /etc/rc.d/samba restart
Case2: Windows server - Linux client
Sharing via LPD
Windows 7 has a built-in LPD server - using it will probably be the
easiest approach as it does neither require an installation of
Samba on the client nor heavy configuration on the server. It can be activated in the
Control Panel under
Programs ->
Activate Windows functions in the section
Print services. The printer must have
shared activated in its properties. Use a share name without any special characters like spaces, commas, etc.
Then the printer can be added in CUPS, choosing LPD protocol. The printer address will look like this:
# lpd://windowspc/printersharename
Before adding the printer, you will most likely have to install an
appropriate printer driver depending on your printer model. Generic
PostScript or RAW drivers might also work.
Sharing via IPP
As above, IPP is also the
preferred protocol for printer sharing. However this way might be a bit
more difficult than the native Samba approach below, since you need a greater effort to set up an IPP-Server on Windows.
The commonly chosen server software is Microsoft's Internet Information Services (IIS).
Note: This section is incomplete. Here is a description how to set up ISS in Windows XP and Windows 2000, unfortunately in German
[1]
Sharing via Samba
A
much simpler way is using Window's native printer sharing
via Samba. There is almost no configuration needed, and all of it can be
done from the CUPS Backend. As above noted, if there are any problems
the reason is mostly related to authentication trouble and Windows
access restrictions.
On the server side enable sharing for your desired printer and
ensure that the user on the client machine has the right to access the
printer.
The following section describes how to set up the client, assuming that both daemons (cupsd and smbd) are running.
Configuration using the web interface
The Samba CUPS back-end is enabled by default, if for any reason it
is not activate it by entering the following command and restarting
CUPS.
# ln -s $(which smbspool) /usr/lib/cups/backend/smb
Next, simply log in on the CUPS web interface and choose to add a new printer. As a device choose "Windows Printer via SAMBA".
For the device location, enter:
smb://username:password@hostname/printer_name
Or without a password:
smb://username@hostname/printer_name
Make sure that the user actually has access to the printer on the
Windows computer and select the appropriate drivers. If the computer is
located on a domain, make sure the user-name includes the domain:
smb://username:password@domain/hostname/printer_name
If the network contains many printers you might want to set a
preferred printer. To do so use the web interface, go into the printer
tab, choose the desired printer and select 'Set as default' from the
drop-down list.
Manual configuration
For manual configuration stop the CUPS daemon and add your printer to
/etc/cups/printers.conf, which might for example look like this
/etc/cups/printers.conf
<DefaultPrinter MyPrinter>
AuthInfoRequired username,password
Info My printer via SAMBA
Location In my Office
MakeModel Samsung ML-1250 - CUPS+Gutenprint v5.2.7 # <= use 'lpinfo -m' to list available models
DeviceURI smb://username:password@hostname/printer_name # <= server URI as described in previous section
State Idle
Type 4
Accepting Yes
Shared No
JobSheets none none
QuotaPeriod 0
PageLimit 0
KLimit 0
AllowUser yourusername # <= do not forget to change this
OpPolicy default
ErrorPolicy stop-printer
</Printer>
Then restart the CUPS daemon an try to print a test page.
To set the preferred printer use the following command
# lpoptions -d desired_default_printer_name
Troubleshooting
If there are any problems, the first thing to do is enable debug information by setting
LogLevel debug
in
/etc/cups/cupsd.conf.
Then restart the CUPS daemon and check for error messages in
/var/log/cups/error_log. A convenient way to do so is
# tail -f /var/log/cups/error_log
which keeps printing new error messages as the occur.
Note: You can also use the web interface to browse this error file.
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How to share a local printer on Linux with Windows using Samba:
Samba is an Open Source/Free Software suite that provides seamless file and print services to SMB/CIFS clients.
1. Install samba - Use yum to install samba for your Fedora release.
$ sudo yum install samba
2. Configure samba - Edit following section in your smb.conf file. (Here is my complete
smb.conf file.)
$ sudo vi /etc/samba/smb.conf
[global]
workgroup = WORKGROUP
security = share
[printers]
# Share Printer (2005-01-02 by Thomas Chung)
printing = cups
public = yes
printer name = epson
use client driver = yes
$ sudo /sbin/chkconfig smb on
$ sudo /sbin/service smb restart
3. Configure iptables - Add following rules to your iptables to accept NETBIOS session service from Windows.
$ sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 139 -j ACCEPT
-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state --state NEW -m udp -p udp --dport 139 -j ACCEPT
$ sudo /sbin/service iptables restart
4. Add printer from Windows. (Following screenshots were taken from Windows 2000)
1) Choose Start > Settings > Printers
2) Choose Network printer
3) Type printer name as following. Make sure to substitute with your Linux IP address and Samba printer name.
4) You will see following message since there is no Windows printer driver on Linux. Click OK.
5) Select your model of your printer from following. You might need to install a printer driver from a CD came with the printer.
6) You've added printer driver successfully.
7) Now, print a test page from Windows to the printer which is attached to Linux box.
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Questions
How can I set up my printer from within Linux to be accessible from my Windows 7 pc?
Step 1: Enable Sharing for that Printer.
Menu > Administration > Printing > Right Click the attached printer > Properties > Policies
Check Enabled, Accepting Jobs, and Shared
Step 2: Enable Publishing of the Shared Printer
Menu > Administration > Printing > Server > Settings > Check "Publish Shared Printers connected to this system"
Step 3: Allow guest access to printer
Edit smb.conf as root:
#gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf
Change the "guest ok" line from no to yes in the [printers] special share:
[printers]
comment = All Printers
browseable = No
path = /var/spool/samba
printable = yes
guest ok = yes
read only = yes
create mask = 0700
Step 4: Restart these services in this exact order:
sudo service cups restart
sudo service smbd restart
Ref url's:
To share pinter linux to linux:
http://www.howtoforge.com/ipp_based_print_server_cups
If you plan on doing a lot of development, day in and day out, you might want to turn on the “Install Apache as service” and “Install MySQL as service” checkboxes. A service starts up every time you turn on your computer, so Apache, PHP, and MySQL are always running. However, if you won’t be building database sites frequently, or you don’t have a lot of RAM in your computer, don’t turn on these boxes (you’ll just have to manually start the servers when you wish to build dynamic pages, using the XAMPP control panel described on the next page).
In this figure, both Apache and MySQL are currently NOT running, as indicated by the word Start to the right of their names. Click the Start buttons to turn the servers on. You can open the Control Panel by clicking the XAMPP Control Panel shortcut on your desktop.
