Friday 8 March 2013

qmail Installation Steps on Linux


**************************qmail Installation *************************

1. Download the source


2. System requirements

[sankar@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]$ rpm -qa | grep gcc
gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.i686
libgcc-4.4.6-4.el6.i686

3. Unpack the distribution
Copy or move the tarballs to the directory you want to do the work in. /usr/local/src is a good choice for qmail and ucspi-tcp. daemontools should be built under /package.

[sankar@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]$ su -
Password:

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]# mkdir -p /usr/local/src

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#mkdir -p /package

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#mv netqmail-1.06.tar.gz ucspi-tcp-0.88.tar.gz /usr/local/src

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#mv daemontools-0.76.tar.gz /package

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#chmod 1755 /package

Now you can unpack the packages:

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#cd /usr/local/src

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 src]#tar -xvzf netqmail-1.06.tar.gz

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 src]#tar -xvzf ucspi-tcp-0.88.tar.gz

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#cd /package

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#tar -xvzf daemontools-0.76.tar.gz

There should now be directories called

/usr/local/src/netqmail-1.06,
/usr/local/src/ucspi-tcp-0.88, and
/package/admin/daemontools-0.76.
4. Create directories :

To create the qmail "home" directory:

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#mkdir /var/qmail

The qmail configuration files can be stored in /etc/qmail by doing:

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#mkdir /etc/qmail
[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#ln -s /etc/qmail /var/qmail/control

5. Create users and groups :

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#cd /usr/local/src/netqmail-1.06

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#cp INSTALL.ids IDS

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 netqmail-1.06]# cat IDS
groupadd nofiles
useradd -g nofiles -d /var/qmail/alias alias
useradd -g nofiles -d /var/qmail qmaild
useradd -g nofiles -d /var/qmail qmaill
useradd -g nofiles -d /var/qmail qmailp
groupadd qmail
useradd -g qmail -d /var/qmail qmailq
useradd -g qmail -d /var/qmail qmailr
useradd -g qmail -d /var/qmail qmails

:wq

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#chmod 700 IDS

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#/bin/sh IDS (or) ./IDS

Start by using your favorite editor and editing /etc/group. You need to add the
following two lines to the end of the file:

#nano /etc/group

qmail:*:2107:
nofiles:*:2108:

Note: vipw equal to vi /etc/passwd

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#vipw

add these lines to the end of the file(/etc/passed):


alias:*:7790:2108::/var/qmail/alias:/bin/true
qmaild:*:7791:2108::/var/qmail:/bin/true
qmaill:*:7792:2108::/var/qmail:/bin/true
qmailp:*:7793:2108::/var/qmail:/bin/true
qmailq:*:7794:2107::/var/qmail:/bin/true
qmailr:*:7795:2107::/var/qmail:/bin/true
qmails:*:7796:2107::/var/qmail:/bin/true

6. Do the build :

Now you can start building qmail.

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#cd /usr/local/src/netqmail-1.06

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 netqmail-1.06]# make setup check

If your DNS is configured properly, this script should be all you need at this point:

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 netqmail-1.06]# ./config

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 netqmail-1.06]# ./config-fast the.full.hostname

7. Install ucspi-tcp :

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#cd /usr/local/src/ucspi-tcp-0.88

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ucspi-tcp-0.88]#patch < /usr/local/src/netqmail-1.06/other-patches/ucspi-tcp-0.88.errno.pat

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ucspi-tcp-0.88]#make

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ucspi-tcp-0.88]#make setup check

8.Install daemontools

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#cd /package/admin/daemontools-0.76

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 daemontools-0.76 ]#cd src

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 src]#patch < /usr/local/src/netqmail-1.06/other-patches/daemontools-0.76.errno.patch

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#./package/install

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 package]# ps -ef | grep svscan
root 7978 5121 0 16:34 pts/2 00:00:00 grep svscan
9.Start qmail :

copy this script into /var/qmail/rc

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#nano /var/qmail/rc

#!/bin/sh
# Using stdout for logging
# Using control/defaultdelivery from qmail-local to deliver messages by default

exec env - PATH="/var/qmail/bin:$PATH" \
qmail-start "`cat /var/qmail/control/defaultdelivery`"


[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#chmod 755 /var/qmail/rc

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#mkdir /var/log/qmail

At this point you need to decide the default delivery mode for messages that aren't delivered by a
.qmail file.


10. System start-up files :

This is accomplished by creating a startup/shutdown script like the following in
/var/qmail/bin/qmailctl:

Note:This script is available via http://lifewithqmail.org/qmailctl-script-dt70.

Copy this script into /var/qmail/bin/qmailctl.
Make the qmailctl script executable and link it to a directory in your path:

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#chmod 755 /var/qmail/bin/qmailctl

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#ln -s /var/qmail/bin/qmailctl /usr/bin


11. The supervise scripts :

Now create the supervise directories for the qmail services:

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#mkdir -p /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-send/log

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#mkdir -p /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-smtpd/log

Create the /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-send/run file:

Copy this script into /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-send/run

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#nano /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-send/run
#!/bin/sh
exec /var/qmail/rc
Create the /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-send/log/run file:
#!/bin/sh
exec /usr/local/bin/setuidgid qmaill /usr/local/bin/multilog t /var/log/qmail
Create the /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-smtpd/run file:
#!/bin/sh
QMAILDUID=`id -u qmaild`
NOFILESGID=`id -g qmaild`
MAXSMTPD=`cat /var/qmail/control/concurrencyincoming`
LOCAL=`head -1 /var/qmail/control/me`
if [ -z "$QMAILDUID" -o -z "$NOFILESGID" -o -z "$MAXSMTPD" -o -z "$LOCAL" ]; th
echo QMAILDUID, NOFILESGID, MAXSMTPD, or LOCAL is unset in
echo /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-smtpd/run
exit 1
fi
if [ ! -f /var/qmail/control/rcpthosts ]; then
echo "No /var/qmail/control/rcpthosts!"
echo "Refusing to start SMTP listener because it'll create an open relay"
exit 1
fi
exec /usr/local/bin/softlimit -m 2000000 \
/usr/local/bin/tcpserver -v -R -l "$LOCAL" -x /etc/tcp.smtp.cdb -c "$MAXSMT
-u "$QMAILDUID" -g "$NOFILESGID" 0 smtp /var/qmail/bin/qmail-smtpd 2>&1

Create the concurrencyincoming control file:

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#echo 20 > /var/qmail/control/concurrencyincoming
[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#chmod 644 /var/qmail/control/concurrencyincoming

Create the /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-smtpd/log/run file:

[sankar@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]$ nano /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-smtpd/run
#!/bin/sh
exec /usr/local/bin/setuidgid qmaill /usr/local/bin/multilog t /var/log/qmail/smtpd


[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#chmod 755 /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-send/run

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#chmod 755 /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-send/log/run

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#chmod 755 /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-smtpd/run

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#chmod 755 /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-smtpd/log/run

12. Then set up the log directories:

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#mkdir -p /var/log/qmail/smtpd

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#chown qmaill /var/log/qmail /var/log/qmail/smtpd

Finally, link the supervise directories into /service:
[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#ln -s /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-send /var/qmail/supervise/qmail-smtpd /ser vice

The /service directory is created when daemontools is installed.

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#qmailctl stop

13. SMTP Access Control :

Allow the local host to inject mail via SMTP:

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#echo '127.:allow,RELAYCLIENT=""' >>/etc/tcp.smtp

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#qmailctl cdb

14.Stop and disable the installed MTA

If your existing MTA is Sendmail, you should be able to stop it by running the init.d script with
the "stop" argument. E.g., one of these should work:

/etc/init.d/sendmail stop
/sbin/init.d/sendmail stop
/etc/rc.d/init.d/sendmail stop

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#ps -ef|grep sendmail

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#kill PID-of-sendmail

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 sankar]# netstat -a | grep smtp
tcp 0 0 localhost:smtp *:* LISTEN
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 12541 private/smtp
If something is running, make sure it's not qmail by doing:

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 sankar]#qmailctl stop

The repeat the netstat check:

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 sankar]#netstat -a | grep smtp

The last step is to create a couple of system aliases.

15. Create System Aliases

There are three system aliases that should be created on all qmail installations:

To create these aliases, decide where you want each of them to go (a local user or a remote address)
and create and populate the appropriate .qmail files.

For example, say local user Sankar is both the system and mail administrator:

echo sankar > /var/qmail/alias/.qmail-root
echo sankar > /var/qmail/alias/.qmail-postmaster
ln -s .qmail-postmaster /var/qmail/alias/.qmail-mailer-daemon
ln -s .qmail-postmaster /var/qmail/alias/.qmail-abuse
chmod 644 /var/qmail/alias/.qmail-root /var/qmail/alias/.qmail-postmaster


16.Start qmail
If you stopped qmail above after creating the links in /service, you should restart it now:

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#qmailctl start

17.Test the Installation
[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#qmailctl stat

/service/qmail-send: up (pid 30303) 187 seconds
/service/qmail-send/log: up (pid 30304) 187 seconds
/service/qmail-smtpd: up (pid 30305) 187 seconds
/service/qmail-smtpd/log: up (pid 30308) 187 seconds
messages in queue: 0
messages in queue but not yet preprocessed: 0

Note:All four services should be "up" for more than a second . If they're not, the installation step-by-step and double check your work. You can also download and run the inst_check script, available from http://lifewithqmail.org/inst_check. For
example:
# sh inst_check
! /var/log/qmail has wrong owner, should be qmaill
...try: chown qmaill /var/log/qmail


If inst_check finds problems, fix them and re-run it. When everything looks right, inst_check
will report:
Congratulations, your LWQ installation looks good!

Troubleshooting:

# ps -efl | grep "service errors" | grep -v grep
000 S root 1006 1001 0 76 0 - 334 pipe_w Mar31 ? 00:0
readproctitle service errors: ...unable to start qmail-smtpd/run: exec form
#

In this case, the problem is that there is an error in the first line of the
/service/qmail-smtpd/run script--most likely caused ,

It sometimes helps to run a service manually in order to find configuration problems. For example, if
your qmail-smtpd/log service isn't running, do:


[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#cd /service/qmail-smtpd/log

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#svc -d .

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#./run

if no errors, enter a line of text and press ENTER
if still no errors, enter CTRL-D (end of file)

At this point, you should be able to identify the problem and fix it. Once that's done, return to the
service's directory, if necessary, and do:

[root@CSSW2013NOC3 ~]#svc -u .
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